Choose format, position, and scenario to view GTO-optimal preflop ranges with raise/call/fold frequencies.
Note: This GTO dataset uses a single aggregated range for the vs Raise scenario per position. Opponent selector shown for context.
This interactive tool shows you Game Theory Optimal (GTO) preflop ranges for Texas Hold'em cash games at 100 big blinds deep. Follow these five steps to get the most out of it:
Game Theory Optimal (GTO) strategy is the mathematically balanced approach to poker. A GTO player constructs ranges that cannot be exploited by any counter-strategy. While perfect GTO play is humanly impossible to execute at the table, understanding GTO ranges provides a solid foundation that you can deviate from when you spot exploitable tendencies in your opponents.
Thinking in terms of ranges rather than specific hands is a hallmark of advanced poker thinking. When you open-raise from the Cutoff, you are not playing just the two cards in front of you — you are representing an entire range of hands. Your opponents make decisions based on what range they assign to you, and you make decisions based on the range you assign to them. GTO ranges ensure that your overall range is balanced: you have enough strong hands to credibly represent strength, and enough bluffs to prevent opponents from folding too profitably against your bets.
In GTO solutions, most hands at the edges of a range have mixed strategies. This means the solver recommends raising with a hand some percentage of the time and folding it the rest. For example, A9s from UTG in 6-Max might be raised 50% and folded 50%. The purpose of mixing is to make your range indifferent to exploitation — if you always raised A9s, opponents could adjust; if you always folded it, they could also adjust. The mixed frequency represents the equilibrium point where neither deviation is profitable for them.
In practice, you do not need to randomize perfectly. Many players use a simplified approach: if a hand is raised 70%+ of the time, just always raise it. If it is below 30%, just fold it. Reserve true mixing for the 30-70% range hands where the EV difference between actions is smallest.
Position is the single most important factor in determining your preflop range. From UTG in a 6-Max game, GTO opens approximately 15% of hands — only premium pairs, strong broadways, and select suited connectors. By the time you reach the Button, that range expands to roughly 45% of hands. The reason is twofold: fewer players left to act (lower probability of running into a strong hand) and the massive post-flop advantage of acting last on every street.
Your RFI (Raise First In) range is your widest range because you have the initiative. When facing a raise, your range tightens significantly because you need hands strong enough to either re-raise (3-bet) or call profitably out of position. Facing a 3-bet narrows things further — typically only premium pairs and select suited hands continue, with some lower suited aces mixed in as bluffs to balance your 4-bet range.
Nine-handed games require tighter ranges across the board. With three additional players at the table, the probability that at least one opponent holds a strong hand increases meaningfully. UTG in 9-Max opens roughly 11% compared to 15% in 6-Max. However, the Button and Cutoff ranges converge in both formats because what matters most for late-position play is proximity to the blinds and the number of players still to act, which is similar in both formats once you reach the last few seats.
GTO stands for Game Theory Optimal. It describes a strategy that is mathematically unexploitable — if you play GTO perfectly, no opponent can find a counter-strategy that beats you in the long run. GTO ranges define the optimal mix of raises, calls, and folds for every starting hand in every position. Modern poker solvers like PioSOLVER, GTO Wizard, and MonkerSolver compute these strategies by iterating millions of simulated hands until they converge on equilibrium.
These ranges are composite approximations based on leading solver outputs for 100bb cash game play. They represent strong baselines that align with professional training material from Upswing Poker, GTO Wizard, and PokerSnowie. Individual solver outputs may differ slightly depending on rake structure, bet sizing trees, and node-locking assumptions. Treat these as directionally correct reference ranges rather than exact equilibrium solutions.
No. GTO provides a theoretically balanced baseline, but maximum profit comes from exploiting opponents who deviate from GTO themselves. If your opponent folds too much to 3-bets, you should bluff more than GTO suggests. If they call too wide, tighten your bluffing range and value-bet thinner. Use GTO as your default when you have no specific reads, then adjust as you gather information.
When a hand shows blue (mixed) on the grid, the GTO solver recommends playing it differently at specific frequencies. For example, if ATs shows "Raise 80% / Fold 20%," the solver found that raising every time would be slightly exploitable. By folding occasionally, you keep your folding range from being too weak and your raising range from being too wide. In practice, many players simplify by always taking the majority action when the frequency exceeds 70%.
Nine-Max ranges are tighter at every position because more opponents remain to act, increasing the chance of encountering a strong hand. UTG in 9-Max opens about 11% versus 15% in 6-Max. Additional positions like UTG+1 and MP2 in 9-Max each have their own calibrated ranges. Late positions (BTN, CO) are more similar across formats since the critical factor — proximity to the blinds — is the same.
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